Match the term to its definition. A. Observations are influenced by the consciou
ID: 3443392 • Letter: M
Question
Match the term to its definition.
A. Observations are influenced by the conscious and unconscious framework of the observer. B. Observations are consistent and not influenced by the conscious or unconscious framework of the observer. C. Scientific theories are based on reasoning and attention to evidence, not bias or other arbitrary factors. D. The methods and results of science can apply to philosophical questions. E. The authority of science, philosophy, and religion, does not conflict because each has a primary area of explanatory legitimacy. F. Human knowledge relies on basic and certain beliefs; scientific knowledge must be philosophically justified before it can be described and assessed. G. Scientific language should refer directly to observations, or be defined in terms of observations. H. Scientific theories are tools that predict observations, not explanations of underlying reality. I. Limitation of scientific theories to the observable material world. J. The chief purpose of thought, language, and science is practical problem solving.Explanation / Answer
1. Scientific naturalism.- D. The methods and results of science can apply to philosophical questions.
2. Philosophical naturalism - I. Limitation of scientific theories to the observable material world.
3. Theory-laden. - A. Observations are influenced by the conscious and unconscious framework of the observer.
4. Theory-neutral - B. Observations are consistent and not influenced by the conscious or unconscious framework of the observer.
5. Nonoverlapping magisteria - E. The authority of science, philosophy, and religion, does not conflict because each has a primary area of explanatory legitimacy.
6. Foundationalism - F. Human knowledge relies on basic and certain beliefs; scientific knowledge must be philosophically justified before it can be described and assessed.
7. Pragmatism - H. Scientific theories are tools that predict observations, not explanations of underlying reality.
8. Rationalism - C. Scientific theories are based on reasoning and attention to evidence, not bias or other arbitrary factors.
9. Instrumentalism - J. The chief purpose of thought, language, and science is practical problem solving.
10. Operationalism - G. Scientific language should refer directly to observations, or be defined in terms of observations.