Philosophy 2640 / Test #I / page 2 6.\"Experience is the only source of real kno
ID: 3449789 • Letter: P
Question
Philosophy 2640 / Test #I / page 2 6."Experience is the only source of real knowledge about the world." All mpiricists would agree with this statement. T F 7. Falsification, on Karl Popper's reading, means that there is such a thing as confirmation of a TF theory by passing observational tests. 8. Logical empiricism was a scientifically oriented version of empiricism that emphasized the tools of informal logic. T F 9. "Experience is the only source of real knowledge about the world." This is a slogan of whar might be termed "traditional empiricism." T F 10. One of the major contributions that Thomas Kuhn made to philosophy of science was his contention that history of science must be considered in our deliberations of science. T F 11. Nelson Goodman thought that a good induction in the scientific community must use terms that have a history of normal use in our normal language-speaking community. T F 12. Logical positivists treated the analytic/synthetic distinction as being false because it didn't even exist. T F 13. Paul Feyerabend maintains that, because observation is theory-laden, that observation cannot be trusted at face value because it is "contaminated" or "infected". T F 14. In the normative/descriptive divide in discussions about the nature of science, Peter Godfrey-Smith maintains that Thomas Kuhn's theory of normal science and paradigms sides more toward the direction of being a normative account. T F III. Multiple-Choice: (2.7 points each; 8 total points) Circle the correct answer. 14. Inferences in which particular cases are used to argue for a generalization that goes beyond the cases observed. Probability is the strongest case that can be made. a. Induction b. Deduction c. Abduction
Explanation / Answer
6) True. Empiricism is a theory in philosophy which states that all forms of knowledge come only or primarily through sensory experience.
7) False. Falsification relates to the the act of disproving a propisition or a hypthesis. Karl Popper believs that a theory or hypothesis cannot be scientific, unless it could be proven falsifiable.
8) False. Logical Empiricism relies on the systemic reduction of all forms of knowledge to logical and scientific foundations.