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Case Study I1-Cardiovascular Total 40 points) Course Learning outcomes assessed:

ID: 3477960 • Letter: C

Question

Case Study I1-Cardiovascular Total 40 points) Course Learning outcomes assessed: l. Analyze the events in the cardiac cycle as they relate to blood flow through the heart 2. Compare the mechanisms that regulate blood pressure Departmental Learning outcomes assessed: 1.Think critically 2.Communicate 3.Demonstrate literacy 10 points for peer evaluation: Remember that this is a group exercise-you have to work with your partners!!!! You will NOT be given the peer grade if you do not work as a team Introduction: Mr. Anthony, a 56 year old patient was admitted to the hospital complaining that he was tiring easily and that he had occasional heart palpitations. He did not look stressed at the time of his physical exam and the examination revealed a moderate systolic ejection murmur. Further work- up diagnosed Mr. Anthony as having a stenosed aortic valve. a) Given this pathology predict what will happen to pressure changes when measured in: (5 points) PRESSURE CHANGE LOCATION Right atrium Right ventricle Left atrium Left ventricle Aorta INCREASE/ DECREASE/ NO CHANGE) Draw a flow chart that shows causal relationships (using above table information) that accounts for the patient's systolic ejection murmur. (10 points) b) Explain the patient's "normality" at rest and why he tires so easily upon exertion. (5 points) c)

Explanation / Answer

a)

The patient has the condition of aortic stenosis. In this condition the patient has

Location

Pressure change

Right atrium

No change

Right ventricle

No change

Left atrium

No change

Left ventricle

Increased

Aorta

Reduced

b)

The flow chart includes three points- 1) aortic stenosis ad 2) Left ventricle constriction (that causes the pressure to increase), 3) the aorta pressure decreased.

c)

The patient is feeling normal because such conditions are slow to show their effects. The visible effects generally occur when the LV valves become constrict to its 1/3rd to 1/4th of normal size.

Location

Pressure change

Right atrium

No change

Right ventricle

No change

Left atrium

No change

Left ventricle

Increased

Aorta

Reduced