IlI. Factors that AID alveolar gas exchange 1. Relatively thin respiratory membr
ID: 3482881 • Letter: I
Question
IlI. Factors that AID alveolar gas exchange 1. Relatively thin respiratory membrane (0.004mm in thickness) results in minima diffusion distance. 2. Partial pressure differential of respiratory gases. 3. Maximum surface area for gas exchange between alveoli and capillaries. 4. Capillary structure (simple squamous epithelium and they are narrow-size of diameter of a RBC) 5. Solubility of respiratory gases. 6. Good perfusion of lung tissue. IV. Factors that HINDER alveolar gas exchange 1. Poor ventilation/poor compliance/restrictive disorders (List 3) 2. 3. 2. Decreased surface area/obstructive disorders (List 3): 1. 2. 3. 3. Increase in altitude: a. Altitude sickness b. HAPE (high altitude pulmonary edema) 4. Poor perfusion of lung tissue. 5. Insufficient surfactant and/or increased alveolar surface tension so alveoli can't open (atelectasis). 6. Decreased minute volume of respiration (decreased respiratory rate-eg: morphine, coma)Explanation / Answer
3. Factor that aid alveolar gas exchange is gas diffusion across the alveolar and tissue membrane. Another factor is partial pressure , the gases are diffuse from higher partial pressure to an area of lower partial pressure, it also depends upon the surface area as surface area increases so maximun diffusion or absorption occurs.it also depends upon the solubility of gases as gases are more soluble than easily diffuse.
4.1.i.partial pressure difference
ii. Membrane thickness
iii Ventilation - perfusion ratio
4.2.i. The surface tension of alveolar fluid as the surface tension lows so that it results in collapse of airway.
ii. Shape of RBCs
4.3. As the altitude increases so that pressure also increases so that RBCs wants to take up more O2 so that its size increases in this way it also affects.
4.5. if there is insufficient surfactant then also diffusion of gases not occurs properly that why it also hinders