Blood Calcium Levels Instructions OL Saved to this PC ayout References Mailings

Question

Blood Calcium Levels Instructions OL Saved to this PC ayout References Mailings Review View Help Tell me what you want to do Blood Calcium Levels 98% of body's calcium is stored in bones Normal Blood Calcium Levels: 9 -11mg/100ml Hypocalcemia: Blood Calcium Levels below 9mg/100ml: Causes: muscle spasms, muscular tetanus and hyperactive reflexes: Can lead to: muscle cramping and respiratory arrest due to tetanus of diaphragm Hypercalcemia: Blood Calcium Levels above 11mg/100ml Causes: decreases excitability of muscles and nerves Can lead to: cardiac arrest due to weakened contraction of the heart muscle Homeostatic Control of Blood Calcium Levels: Negative Feedback Control Mechanisms HYPERCALCEMIA: Increased Ca levels detected by the Thyroid Gland Thyroid Gland: secretes Calcitonin Calcitonin: 1: decreases osteoclast activity: less Ca released from the bone matrix to blood 2: increases osteoblast activity: more Ca captured in bone matrix from blood Final Result: Blood Calcium Levels are decreased HYPOCALCEMIA: Decreased Cat levels detected by the Parathyroid Glands Parathyroid Glands: secrete the hormone: Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) PTH: l: stimulates osteoclast activity more Ca released from bone matrix to blood Ps SUS

Explanation / Answer

5 organ system involved in homeostasis are:

1. Endocrine system ( releases hormone for maintaining homeostasis)

2. Circulatory system( contains blood which has calcium ions in it to maintain physiology)

3. Skeletal system: ( is reservoir of calcium ions where they are stored for structural functions)

4. Excretory system: Kidneys play an important role in secreting or absorbing calcium.

5. Digestive system: intestine plays an important role in secreting or absorbing calcium.

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