III. Suppose you need to send one message to 3 different recipients, namely user
ID: 3852635 • Letter: I
Question
III. Suppose you need to send one message to 3 different recipients, namely user1@umuc.edu, user2@umuc.edu, and user3@umuc.edu. Is there any difference BETWEEN sending only one message with 3 recipients AND sending one separate email to each recipient? Explain your answer. (10 points)
IV. What are the advantages and disadvantages for locating applications on the client, the server, or split between client and server? (10 points)
V. Compare the difference between a HUB, a Layer 2 Switch, and a Layer 3 Switch. (10 points)
VI. Why is it helpful to have multiple possible routes or paths through a network for each pair of computers? (10 points)
VII. Briefly explain the principles behind CDMA. (10 points)
VIII. Explain and Compare the following modulation terminologies: (10 points)
Frequency Modulation
Amplitude Modulation
Phase Modulation
Pulse Modulation
Explanation / Answer
III. There is not much difference between sending one message to multiple users and sending one separate message per user. Most of the effects come on the sender’s side.
While sending a message to multiple recipients, the message is first sent to the outgoing email server. The email server then makes a copy for each recipient and forwards them to corresponding domain. Since there are multiple recipients of same message, the server has to send them at the same time. In this case, the usage of processor of the server is higher than usual, but there is benefit of saving disc space because the server keeps only one copy of the message
IV. Advantage of Client Server Network
1.Centralization
2.Proper Management
3.Back-up and recovery
4.scalability
5.Accessibility
6.security
Disadvantage of client server Network
1.Congestion in Network
2.not robust
3.high cost
4.difficult to maintain
V. A layer 3 switch is a specialized hardware devices used in network routing. the main advantages of a Layer 3 switch over a router is in the way routing decisions are performed. Layer 3 switches are less likely to experience network latency.
VI.Multipath routing is the routing technique of using multiple paths through a network, which can benefits such as fault tolerance, increased bandwidth, or improved security. The multiple paths computed might be overlapped, edge-disjointed or node-disjointed with each other.
VII. The goal of CDMA is to break up a finite radio frequency so that multiple users can access it at the same time. Through randomization of frequencies, CDMA divides the radio frequency spectrum to share the space for multiple users using a code to accomplish the multiplexing instead of time or frequency division. This ability to use codes to divide up the signal, provides CDMA with a great advantage over GSM and other wireless technologies because it can support more users on the available bandwidth.
VIII.
Frequency modulation, FM is widely used for a variety of radio communications applications. FM broadcasts on the VHF bands still provide exceptionally high quality audio, and FM is also used for a variety of forms of two way radio communications, and it is especially useful for mobile radio communications, being used in taxis, and many other forms of vehicle.
Amplitude modulation is used in a variety of applications.
Broadcast transmission
Air band radio
Single sideband
Quadrature aplitude modulation
Phase modulation is a form of modulation that can be used for radio signals used for a variety of radio communications applications. As will be seen later, phase modulation, and frequency modulation are closely linked together and it is often used in many transmitters and receivers used for a variety of radio communications applications from two way radio communications links, mobile radio communications and even maritime mobile radio communications.
The transmission of analog data or speech which is in continuous form is known as pulse modulation.At some certain levels or points, the wave formation can be seen in a pulse modulation system.