Coo kie is a small file stored on the HTTP client to store user information. For
ID: 3904082 • Letter: C
Question
Coo kie is a small file stored on the HTTP client to store user information. For example, a cookie file associated to Amazon.com contains all I the user's profile and shopping history 2.If a DNS server is down, then there is no way for two hosts to communicate. 3. TLD DNS server is the second layer of DNS hierarchy; it contains the name-IP mapping information for each category. For instance, the IP address of Amazon.com is contained by the TLD DNS server that handles ".com" names. -Assume a client established a TCP connection to a server, and the client sends a packet with src port: 1234, and dst port: 5678. Then the response packet from the server should have src port: 5678 and dst port: 1234 5. The checksum included in TCP/UDP header provides basic error check, but it is not able to detect all errors. 6. One advantage of using crossbar to implement the switching fabrics is that multiple packets can be processed simultaneously. 7. LDHCP is a protocol that automatically and dynamically offers IP addresses to computers newly joined the network. 8. In a software defined network, the control plane is implemented in a centralized remote controller, while in traditional network, the control plane is co-located with the data plane. 9. In TCP, the retransmission of a packet can only be triggered by the event that an ACK is not received when the timer times out. In Go-Back-N, a receiver will keep silent (i.e. not reply with an ACK) to a received packet (say, packet 4), if it has not received a previous packet (say, packet 2) 10Explanation / Answer
1. The answer is true. Cookies are some sort of variables that can be used for data transfer betwen web pages or web applications. Though there are some other ways to transfer between web pages like query strings, cookies are advantageous because they will transfer data securely from source web page to a destination web page.
2. The answer is false. There are two ways to connect with server , one is by means of a DNS and the other by means of IP address. So, in case the DNS server goes down, we will be able to access the server using its IP address.
3. The answer is true. because the TLD (Top Level Domain) is the top most level of domain names in the root which will contain various categories such as .org,.edu,.com
4. The answer is true. TCP uses the port number which is a 16 bit integer placed in the header appended to the message to be transmitted. In general the port numbr can be used to identify a particular process or server etc.,
5. The answer is true, because the checksum value in TCP/UDP header cannot be able to detect all the errors, but they can be used to detect errors in a transmitted message. IN general, the checksum cant be able to detect inseerted or deleted bytes and reordered bytes sometimes.
6. The answer is true, using a cross bar switch helps to process multiple packets simultaneously. the cross bar switch uses a matrix like manner to connect multiple units.
7. The answer is true, The DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) assings all the network related settings to each device that is in the network dynamically and automatically. It can be implemented from small domestic networks to larg regional networks
8. The answer is false, because the implementation of a control plane in SDN may also be implemented in a hierarchical or decentralized manner
9.The answer is true, the TCP retransmission will take place after a particular time interval when an ACK is not received
10. The answer is true , when a packet is not received by the receiver, the receiver will keep silent and discard all the incmoplete frames (incomplete packet 2 will be discarded). As there is no acknowledgement from receiver for packet 2, the packet 2 will be resent by the sender