Map det Sapling Learning macrmilanlaamino Sort the following phrases. Does each
ID: 505561 • Letter: M
Question
Map det Sapling Learning macrmilanlaamino Sort the following phrases. Does each phrase describe a kinase, a phosphatase, neither, or both? Note: If you answer this question incorrectly, a single red X will appear indicating that you sorted one or more of the phrases incorrectly. Neither Kinases Phosphatases Both catalyze reactions that are the reverse of dephosphorylation reactions turn off signaling pathways triggered by kinases may use ATP as a in eukaryotes, transfer regulate the activity phosphoryl group donor phosphoryl groups of other proteins PKA (protein kinase A) catalyze phosphorylation is an example reactions to acidic amino acids remove phosphoryl groups from proteins You have misplaced at least one of the kinase phrases. Keep in mind that a kinase transfers a phosphoryl group from a donor to a target protein. What type of reaction is this?Explanation / Answer
kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy. The difference between Kinase and Phosphatase stems from the fact that these two enzymes support two opposite processes. Kinase and phosphatase are two important enzymes that deal with phosphates found in biological systems. Enzymes are three-dimensional globular proteins that act as biological catalysts for many biochemical reactions in the cells. Because of this ability, the arrival of enzymes was considered as one of the most important events in the evolution of life. Enzymes increase the rate of biochemical reactions by stressing specific chemical bonds. Kinase and Phosphatase are two essential enzymes involved in the protein phosphorylation. Proteins phosphorylation facilitates key functions of proteins, including cellular metabolism, cell differentiation, signal transduction during the growth, transcription, immune response, etc. Protein phosphorylation involves the conformational changes of the protein molecules by addition of the phosphate group from ATP molecules, whereas dephosphorylation involves the removal of phosphate groups from the protein. Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation processes are catalyzed by kinase and phosphatase enzymes respectively. In this article, difference between kinase and phosphatase will be discussed by highlighting the important facts about kinase and phosphatase.
Kinases are group of enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation reactions by the addition of phosphate groups from ATP to protein molecules. The phosphorylation reaction is unidirectional because of the massive energy release with the breakdown of phosphate-phosphate bond in ATP to produce ADP. There are many different types of protein kinases and each kinase is responsible for phosphorylating of a specific protein or set of proteins. However, when considering the amino acid structure in general, kinases can add phosphate groups to three types of amino acids, which consist of an OH group as part of their R group. These three amino acids are serine, threonine, and tyrosine. Protein kinases are categorized based on these three amino acid substrates. Serine/ threonine kinase class resembles the most cytoplasmic proteins. During the process of phosphorylation, kinase can either enhance or reduce the protein’s activity. However, the activity depends on the site of phosphorylation and the structure of the protein being phosphorylated.
The reverse reaction of phosphorylation, the dephosphorylation is catalyzed by phosphatase enzymes is phosphatases