Please clearly show your answer! When the following half reaction is balanced un
ID: 510771 • Letter: P
Question
Please clearly show your answer!
When the following half reaction is balanced under acidic conditions, what are the coefficients of the species shown? ____ CIO_3^- + ____ H_2O rightarrow ____ CIO_4^- + ____ H^+ In the above half reaction, the oxidation state of chlorine changes from ____ to ____. When the following half reaction is balanced under acidic conditions, what are the coefficients of the species shown? ____ SO_4^2- + ____ H^+ rightarrow H_2SO_3 + ____ H_2O In the above half reaction, the oxidation state of sulfur changes from ____ to ____.Explanation / Answer
xClO3- + yH2O = z ClO4- + aH+
Now, see the amount of Hydrogen (H) in Left of equation. It is 2. So this needs to balance in Right as well in form of H+ ions. Thus, a = 2
now, see O atoms. We have 3 O at ClO3- and 1 O with H2O which amounts to total of 4 O atoms on left of reaction. Now, look at the right, we have 4 O atoms. For chlorine, we have 1 each in right and left. Hence, alues of x = y = z = 1. Hence, now all the atoms are balanced, so the overall reaction will be:
ClO3- + H2O = ClO4- + 2H+
To determine the oxidation states:
Now, amongst Cl and O, Oxygen is more electronegative. It will have an oxidation state of -2. The total oxidation state must be -1. let's take oxidation state of Cl as x.So,
x + (3*-2) = -1
x = -1 + 6 = 5
Hence, Cl is at an oxidation state of +5 in ClO3- . For ClO4- following same procedure, we have
x + (4*-2) = -1
x = -1 + 8 = 7
Hence, oxidation state of Cl in ClO4- is +7.
So total change will be from +5 to +7.
part (2)
aSO4-2 + bH+ = cH2SO3 + dH2O
Check S in both sides. It is equal to 1 and hence that is balanced. Check for O, which is also balanced with a value of 4. Hence, the value of a = c = d = 1. Now, the value of H in left will be equal to total at right side, that is 4. So b = 4. The equation will be:
SO4-2 + 4H+ = H2SO3 + H2O
Oxidation state of S in SO4-2 . Let it be x. The oxidation state of O is -2 and total is also -2. So,
x + (4*-2) = -2
x = -2 + 8 = 6
so oxidation state is +6.
Let Oxidation state of S at H2SO3 . Oxidation state of H will be +1 and O will be -2 with total of 0.
(+1*2) + x + (3*-2) = 0
x = -2 + 6 = 4
So oxidation state of S changes form +6 to +4.