In the space below, duplicate the electron energy level diagram to the 4P level.

Question

In the space below, duplicate the electron energy level diagram to the 4P level. Use up (uparrow) and down (downarrow) arrows to show configuration of electrons for the ground state of a neutral chlorine atom, Cl. Then answer the following questions about chlorine a) write the shorthand configuration b) How many of the electrons are valence electrons? c) If chlorine were to form a negative ion by gaining valence electrons, what charge would result? Include both the number and sign of the charge.) d) Would you expect ion to be larger or smaller in volume than neutral atom? Why?

Explanation / Answer

a)

For chlorine, Cl = 17 electrons

[Ne] 3s2 3p5

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5

b)

the valence shell is n = 3, so 2+5 = 7 electrons ar ein the valence shell

c)

iit is much likely that Cl gains 1 electron to form its octet

so

Cl +e- --> Cl-

-1 charge

d)

it will get LARGER, since the extra negatrige charges is not enough for the p = 17 protons, so it increases lsightly

3

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