There are three steps in electrophilic aromatic substitution: formation of the e
ID: 517504 • Letter: T
Question
There are three steps in electrophilic aromatic substitution: formation of the electrophile, pi attack of the electrophile, and deprotonation to reform aromaticity. Ortho/para directors either have a lone pair on the atom adjacent to the benzene ring or are alkyl or aryl. All ortho/para directors are activators. Sodium borohydride (NaBH_4) can reduce carboxylic acid derivatives. Carbon has 4 bonds and plus attacks minus. Aromatic systems have 4, 8, 12, 16, 20... pi electrons. An amino group forms stronger hydrogen bonds than a hydroxyl group. Aldehydes react with Grignard reagents (followed by an aqueous acid workup) to create primary alcohols. Hemiacetals are stable in basic conditions. A Grignard reagent cannot be formed in the presence of an NH, OH, or SH group. Any reagent that oxidizes an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid will also oxidize a ketone to a carboxylic acid. A carbonyl group is polarized such that the oxygen atom is partially positive and the carbonyl carbon is partially negative. Fischer esterification is reversible. The conjugate base of a carboxylic acid is resonance-stabilized. The alpha position of a carbonyl compound refers to the carbonyl carbon.Explanation / Answer
1-True
2-True
3-True
4-False
5-false
6-true
7-false
8-true
9-True
10-true
11-false
12-false
13-True
14-true
15-false