Show all caleulations, write legibly,and use the correct chemical symbols and fo
ID: 543914 • Letter: S
Question
Show all caleulations, write legibly,and use the correct chemical symbols and formatting for fiull credht 1. Here's the molecular structure of sucrose (table sugar). What features of its molecular structure allows sucrose to dissolve in water? H20H HO CH2OH 2. Naphthalene is the compound found in "moth balls," an insecticide that was commonly used to protect wool clothing from moths. Write the molecular formula for the following molecule. Would naphthalene dissolve better in water or in gasoline? Explain your answer. naphthalene 3. Detergents are cleansing agents used to wash organie matter and olly materials out of cloth and common surfaces. The molecular strueture of a detergent molecule is shown below. Suppose you're cooling olive oil onto your shirt. Explain how the molecul of the shirt but at the same time stay dissolved in the water in your washing machine. ar structure of this detergent allows it to attract the oil out Polar alcohol ethoxylate groupExplanation / Answer
1.
To dissolve any material in a liquid, it should interact with the liquid. Sucrose contains total eight –OH groups and these hydroxyl groups form a hydrogen bond with water molecules (-O-H….OH2). All the eight OH makes eight hydrogen bond, which allows them to dissolve in water.
Hence, the hydrogen bonding tendency of the hydroxyl group of sucrose molecule allows sucrose to dissolve in water.
2)
The molecular formula of Naphthalene = C10H8
A material to soluble in water, it should be polar compound. Water is a polar molecule, so it will dissolve polar materials. Like dissolves like.
Therefore, if the material to be soluble in the nonpolar solvent, the material should be nonpolar.
Naphthalene is nonpolar compound because it does not have any polar bonds in the structure. The net dipole moment is zero. Therefore, it will dissolve in gasoline which is nonpolar solvent.
3)
To clean oil spills on shirt water is not enough, because water don’t interact with oils. Oils are hydrophobic molecule. The detergent is a special molecule which contains two different ends. The hydrophilic part of the molecule attached to water and hydrophobic end of the molecule attached to the oil part.
In the water, detergents form a spherical micellar structure where the hydrophobic moieties are inside the micellar and the surface of micelle will be the hydrophilic moieties. The micellar structure is entrophically favaorable structure.