I know it has to do with phase rule and setting up the degrees of freedom. I jus

Question

I know it has to do with phase rule and setting up the degrees of freedom. I just need help on it

How many phase rule variables must be specified to fix the thermodynamic state of each of the a) A sealed flask containing a liquid ethanol-water mixture in equilibrium with its vapor b) A sealed flask containing a liquid ethanol-water mixture in equilibrium with its vapor and nitrogen c) A sealed flask containing ethanol, toluene, and water as two liquid phases plus vapor d) Octafluorocyclobutane (RC318) at its triple point NB: State how you apply the Gibbs Phase Rule to each system.

Explanation / Answer

a) Degree of freedom for non reacting components (F) = C- P+2

here the system is water-ethanol mixture and its vapour, so no of phases (P) = 2, no of components= 2

so, F= 2 - 2 +2 = 2

b) here components is three , phase= 2

then F= 3-2+2= 3

c) Here is total components (C)= 3, phase (P) = 2

F= 3-2+2= 3

d) at triple point three phases coexist, then

F= 1-3+2= 0

so the system is nonivariant

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