Choose three genes associated with your chosen cancer below. Answer the followin
ID: 74907 • Letter: C
Question
Choose three genes associated with your chosen cancer below. Answer the following questions for each gene.
Ovarian Cancer genes:
CDH1 • PTEN • TP53 • RAD50 • RB1
What is the function of the gene?
• Is this a tumor suppressor or proto-oncogene? Why?
• Which hallmarks are associated with the gene? If there are no hallmarks explain how the gene relates to cancer.
• Find a molecular diagram related to the role of this gene in cancer. Create a linear molecular diagram of the illustrated pathway.
You may use your text book or find an image on the web.
• Where would you intervene for a targeted therapeutic approach?
– Would you activate or inhibit this target?
Explanation / Answer
1.CDH1 or Cadherin 1, type 1 functions in the cell to provide information for formation of protein E-cadherin or epithelial cadherin. The protein is present within the membrane that surrounds the epithelial cells. It acts as tumour suppressor gene. Epithelial cells lining the ovary is simple cuboidal epithelium which is known as germinal epithelium.
CDH1 acts as tumour suppressor gene. It acts as tumour suppressor gene because it inhibits rapid uncontrolled growth of epithelial cells.
CDH1 that results in tumour need not have an obligatory hallmark of families having ovarian cancer. Instead a mutation in CDH1 gene impairs its function to produce protein E-cadherin leading to ovarian cancer.
2. PTEN : It is a Phosphatase and Tensin homolog protein encoded by the gene PTEN gene.
PTEN is a phosphatase protein which dephosphorylates 3' phosphate group of inositol ring in phosphotidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate and form biphosphate that negatively regulates and inhibits AKT signalling pathway thus acting as tumor suppressor.
3. TP 53 or p53 is a tumor protein 53 that is encoded by gene TP53 and acts as tumor suppressor. When DNA is damaged p53 prevents cell division and cell undergo apoptosis.
4. RB1 is retiniblastoma protein that acts as tumour suppressor gene.RB1 along with p53 leads to ovarian cancer.