Please help with these questions and explain thank you Pepsin is an enzyme that
ID: 78456 • Letter: P
Question
Please help with these questions and explain thank you
Pepsin is an enzyme that works at an optimal pH of 2. Why might the enzyme not work at a pH = 7? What are differences between catabolic and anabolic processes? Life forms are ordered and complex. Why does life not violate the 2^nd law of thermodynamics? In harnessing the energy from oxidation of glucose, why would cells not just convert glucose to CO_2 and H_2O in one step? Why have multiple small steps? Many reactions in cells, such as synthesis of DNA, have a positive Delta G. How do cells perform these reactions if they are energetically unfavorable? Where do cells get the energy to make ATP? Oxidation of glucose to produce CO_2 and H_2O is a spontaneous reaction with Delta G of -686 kcal/mol. If we take 1 mol of glucose in a beaker, why doesn't it just generate 686 kcal of energy immediately? Cells can degrade enzymes when not needed, and then re-synthesize them by expressing their gene. This makes sense for enzymes that would be used very rarely. Why might it make more sense for cells to keep some enzymes always available, and regulate their function through a mechanism like feedback inhibition?Explanation / Answer
1. Pepsin is an acetate protease who is primary structure includes 44 acidic Residue and four basic Residues. The active site consistt of to aspartate Residue and is most functional when partially protonated. The tertiary structure is almost stable at low PH. Higher pH results in accumulation of negative charge in the protein causing conformational instability. At neutral pH, the protein is denatured.
2. The process in which Complex materials are synthesized from simpler substances is called anabolic process. The process in which large molecules are break down into smaller ones releasing energy is called catabolic process.
3. Life doesnt violate second law of thermodynamics because life does not evolve in closed system. The external energy from the Sun makes life possible and Allows evolution to occur.
4. The multiple steps catalysed by enzymes favour the release of energy gradually in the firm of ATP. If vast amount of energy is released in single step it may destroy cell.
6. ATP is released during cellular respiration which is released in the sequential steps. This ATP released is utilized in further steps and the remaining ATP is stored in the cell.