Identify the most appropriate design to address each of the following situations
ID: 88408 • Letter: I
Question
Identify the most appropriate design to address each of the following situations:
1. Effectiveness of resistance training in women with chronic computer-related neck pain.
2. Maternal Body Mass Index and behavioral problems in their offspring
3. Caffeine intake and Menière's disease.
4. Evaluation of depression and low back pain
5. Geographical clusters and predictors of rabies in the United States.
6. The effect of cognitive remediation therapy on social skills in institutionalized elderly patients with schizophrenia.
7. Association between dietary patterns and adiposity from 4 to 7 years of age.
8. Dry skin and pressure ulcer risk prevalence in Toledo nursing homes.
9. Agricultural activities and the incidence of reportable infectious diseases in Michigan
10. Saturated fat and diabetes in Hispanic women.
Example:1. Effectiveness of B and E vitamins with aspirin in reducing pain due to osteoarthritis of the knee. A factorial-design, double-blind, placebo controlled trial would be appropriate. Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee could be randomly assigned to take B vitamins and aspirin, E vitamins and aspirin, or aspirin and a placebo. Their pain levels could then be regularly assessed over a period of time and results compared between groups.
2. Geographic variation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) incidence in the United States. An ecologic design would be best suited for this study. Data could be compiled on the prevalence of CKD and ESRD incidence rates and sorted according to location within the United States. Comparisons could then be made between geographic locations.
3. Long-term clinical outcomes and cardiovascular events following carotid endarterectomy. A cohort study would be appropriate. Participants could be gathered from patients having undergone a carotid endarterectomy and followed for a period of time until a specified endpoint. Medical data on each participant could be collected at certain intervals during the study period to determine any resulting outcomes or cardiovascular events.
Explanation / Answer
Maternal Body mass Index and behavioural problem in offsprings
Meta analysis was conducted to estimate therelationship between maternal BMI and risk of behavoural problem in offspring. Cohort and case control study adressing the association between the maternal BMI and risk of behavioural problems were also included. A random effect model would be appropriate to estimate the relative risks and dose response meta analysis to estimate the trewnd from correlated relative risk estimates across levels of BMI quantitatively.
Caffeine intake and Meiner's disease
A randomised and quasi randomised control trials were deisgend to evalaute the association between caffeine intake and Meiner's disease. Adults diagnosed with Meiner's disease will be assessed and graded with experment interventions of diatery intake modifications, caffeine restriction and comapred with the patients with no alteration in diet.
Saturated fat and diabetes in hispanic women
The relationship between saturated fat and type 2 diabetes was assesed at baseline with validated Southwest food frequency questionnarie. Participants were enrolled who were hispanic adults with type 2 diabetes. Linear mixed models estimated the intervention changes within this group.
Association between diatery pattern and adiposity from 4-7 years of age
Propective cohort syudy was designed to assess the realationship between these factors. Diet was assessed using FFQ. Other scores like age, sex specific BMI devoiation scores were defined according to the WHO standards. Dietary patterns were identified by latent class analysis and their association with adiposity was estimated by linear regression models.