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Phosphorous acid, H3PO3(aq), is a diprotic oxyacid that is an important compound

ID: 954035 • Letter: P

Question

Phosphorous acid, H3PO3(aq), is a diprotic oxyacid that is an important compound in industry and agriculture.

Calculate the pH for each of the following points in the titration of 50.0 mL of a 3.0 M H3PO3(aq) with 3.0 M KOH(aq).

Phosphorous acid, HyPOs(aq), is a diprotic oxyacid that is PKa an important compound in industry and agriculture. pka2 1.30 6.70 OH Calculate the pH for each of the following points in the titration of 50.0 mL of a 3.0 M H3PO3(aq) with 3.0 M KOH(aq). Number (a) before addition of any KOH Number (b) after addition of 25.0 mL of KOH 11 Number (c) after addition of 50.0 mL of KOHI0 Number (d) after addition of 75.0 mL of KOH Number (e) after addition of 100.0 mL of KOH

Explanation / Answer

(a): The chemical reaction for the first dissociation of H3PO3 is

------------- H3PO3 ----------------- > H2PO3-(aq) + H+(aq) ; Ka1 = 0.0501

Init.con : 3.0 M ,----------------------- 0 --------------- 0

Change: - 3.0y M ------------------ + 3.0y M, ------ + 3.0y M

Eqm.con:3.0(1 - y) M, ----------- 3.0y M, ------- 3.0y M

Ka1 = 0.0501 =  (3.0y x 3.0y) / 3.0(1 - y)

=> y = 0.12115

Hence [H+] = 3.0y = 3.0 x 0.12115 = 0.3634 M

Since the second dissociation constant is very small, the H+ produced due to second dissociation can be neglected.

Hence pH = - log[H+] = - log0.3634 M  = 0.440 (answer)

(b): Initial moles of 3.0 M H3PO3 = MxV = 3.0 mol/L x 0.050 L = 0.15 mol

When 25 mL ( = 0.025L) of 3.0 M KOH is added, moles of KOH added = MxV = 3.0 mol/L x 0.025 L = 0.075 mol

The balanced neutralization reaction is

------------- H3PO3 + 2 KOH --------- > K2HPO3 + 2H2O

Init. mol: 0.15 mol, 0.075 mol --------- 0 mol

change: - 0.0375, - 0.075, ------------- + 0.0375 mol

Final mol:0.1125 mol, 0 mol, ----------- 0.0375 mol

Total volume, Vt = 50 mL + 25 mL = 0.075 L

Hence concentration of H3PO3 after the reaction = 0.1125 mol / 0.075 L = 1.5 M

Now we can calculate the pH in the same way we calculated in part - (a) as

Ka1 = 0.0501 =  (1.5y x 1.5y) / 1.5(1 - y)

=> y = 0.16682

Hence [H+] = 1.5y = 1.5 x 0.16682 = 0.25023 M

Hence pH = - log[H+] = - log0.25023 M  = 0.602 (answer)

(c):

Initial moles of 3.0 M H3PO3 = MxV = 3.0 mol/L x 0.050 L = 0.15 mol

When 50 mL ( = 0.050L) of 3.0 M KOH is added, moles of KOH added = MxV = 3.0 mol/L x 0.050 L = 0.15 mol

The balanced neutralization reaction is

------------- H3PO3 + 2 KOH --------- > K2HPO3 + 2H2O

Init. mol: 0.15 mol, 0.15 mol --------- 0 mol

change: - 0.075 mol - 0.15 mol ------------- + 0.075 mol

Final mol:0.075 mol, 0 mol, ----------- 0.075 mol

Total volume, Vt = 50 mL + 50 mL = 0.10 L

Hence concentration of H3PO3 after the reaction = 0.075 mol / 0.10 L = 0.75 M

Now we can calculate the pH in the same way we calculated in part - (a) as

Ka1 = 0.0501 =  (0.75y x 0.75y) / 0.75(1 - y)

=> y = 0.2272

Hence [H+] = 0.75y = 0.75 x 0.2272 = 0.1704 M

Hence pH = - log[H+] = - log0.1704 M  = 0.769 (answer)

(d):

Initial moles of 3.0 M H3PO3 = MxV = 3.0 mol/L x 0.050 L = 0.15 mol

When 75 mL ( = 0.075L) of 3.0 M KOH is added, moles of KOH added = MxV = 3.0 mol/L x 0.075 L = 0.225 mol

The balanced neutralization reaction is

------------- H3PO3 + 2 KOH --------- > K2HPO3 + 2H2O

Init. mol: 0.15 mol, 0.225 mol --------- 0 mol

change: - 0.1125 mol - 0.225 mol ----- + 0.1125 mol

Final mol:0.0375 mol, 0 mol, ----------- 0.1125 mol

Total volume, Vt = 50 mL + 75 mL = 0.125 L

Hence concentration of H3PO3 after the reaction = 0.0375 mol / 0.125 L = 0.3 M

Now we can calculate the pH in the same way we calculated in part - (a) as

Ka1 = 0.0501 =  (0.3y x 0.3y) / 0.3(1 - y)

=> y = 0.3336

Hence [H+] = 0.3y = 0.3 x 0.3336 = 0.10008 M

Hence pH = - log[H+] = - log0.10008 M  = 1.00 (answer)

(e)