Please help I asked this before but their answer only confused me more. I includ
ID: 99905 • Letter: P
Question
Please help I asked this before but their answer only confused me more. I included pictures of the whole page (directions). The directions say incidence= no. new case divided by population multiplied by K. I NEED HELP FINDING K. It says as an example, 0.000012 can be multiplied by 1,000,000 allowing it to be reported as 12 case per 1,000,000. So in that case K is 1,000,000. I'm assuming they got that number by counting the numbers to the right of the decimal (there's 6 so they have 6 zeros added to the 1). I'm not sure I'm doing this right, for day one I have 5952 new incidences , my population is 316,971,485 dividing those gives me 0.000018777 so by counting the decimals I multiply that by 1,000,000,000 and get 18777 cases per billion? That doesn't sound like what I'm suppose to do. I have to graph this when I'm done shouldn't I have have a smaller number?
Week one new cases was 5,952 and week 3 was 14,066 the population is 316,971,485. Please tell me what K is and what the final incidence number is for those 2 weeks and how you got it. I got a whole year to complete 2 examples should help me do this. Thanks (I wish I could have posted another picture, the paper I have to fill out has 5 columns: week, no,new cases, us population, K and Incidence)
Case Study Exercise 23 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 187 suscorptible population during that period, as sen in the susceptible Incidence has population during that period, as seen in the of all infectious disease would be impossible, the CDC has designated 66 serious diseases as reportable, meaning that doctors and hospitals are ny of alfinfectious disease would be impossible, the CDc sptible population during that period, a doctors and hospitals are rnquired to inform the CDC of any cases they encounter (Table 23.1). This information appears each week as part of the CDC publication Morbidity and susceptible population size at midpoint of period Report MMWR). The CDC then uses thiS Just as with morbidity and mortality, the size of the popula- ation to track outbreaks, deaths, and even the appear tion is determined at the midpoint of the period, and the information to of never before seen ailments: severe acute respiratory constant K is used to make the incidence a more easily ance of never before seen ai syndrome (SARS) was added to the list in 2003 and potential cases of pandemic influenza H5NI (bird flu) and HIN1 Morbidity, mortality, and incidence are often combined with other data, such as the geographic location of cases, the inte full range of statistical analyses employed by sex, race, and behavior of those infected, and even the time n f year. Together, this information allows the CDC to track diseases, predict future outbreaks, and devise prevention tofthesc is morbidity, or illness due to a specific disease. strategies. In today's lab, you will use the MMWR to deter- 1 (bird flu) and HINI reportable number While the full range of statis the CDC is beyond the scope of this book, three common measurements can be easily calculated. The epidemiological measu Morbidity is calculated by dividing the number of cases of a disease in a given period by the number of people suscepti- mine the incidence for a reportable disease. ble to that disease PRE-LAB QUESTIONS no. cases per ×K Morbidity = suscepti : 1. Define the following terms at midpoint of period here K is a factor that varies and serves to assist in more learly reporting the results. Two aspects of the equation bove deserve a little more explanation. First, because pop- lation size is constantly changing, it is defined as the num- er of people present at the midpoint of the time period eing studied. Second, because morbidity is generally a Sporadic Endemic small number, it is commonly multiplied by a power of such as 10,000 or 100,000 (the constant K) so that it can be ported as whole number. For instance, a morbidity rate of 000012 can be multiplied by 1,000,000, allowing it to be ported as 12 cases per 1,000,000 persons as opposed to ported as 12 cases per 1,000000 persons as opposed to 000012 cases per person. Epidemic Mortality is the second epidemiological measurement d refers to the number of deaths within a specified period ong people having a particular disease. The equation for ermining mortality can be written as: no, disease-related deaths per period no people with the disease no. disease-related deaths ortality Pandemic constant K is used just as it was for morbidity, so mor- ty can be reported as a whole number of cases per, for mple, 10,000 or 100,000 people. Finally, incidence compares the number of new cases of isease during a specified period to the size of the 2. Use the information in the accompanying table to calculot morbidity, mortality, and incidence for each disease. New cases in January Deaths from disease Population on January 15 oriity Mortality Inciden 714,000 154,135 6.400,000 era 151 37 les 33,625Explanation / Answer
At first, considering the term incidence, It is epidemiologically, a measure of the probability of occurance of a medical situation in a specified period of time. That is, it is the number of new cases in a particular time period in a given population size. For example, a population initially has 1000 non-diseased persons and 36 people develop a certain condition in 2 years of tlme period, then the incidence propotion is 36 cases per 1000 persons per 2 year. So, the incidence proportion is (36/1000) * 100 = 3.6%.
As is given in the table in book, there are 4 new cases in January and the population size in January is 714,000, so incidence is 4/714000 =0.0000056. After the decimal, thare are 7 digits, so, to convert it into whole number we will multiply it with K where K = 10n, where n= no. of digits after decimal. So, here K = 107. So, 0.0000056 * 107 = 56. So, there are 56 per 107 if incidence proportion in January.
As, in your case, in the week 1, there were 5952 new cases in population sixe of 316,971,485. So, incidence in decimals is 5952 / 316,971,485 = 0.0000001877 =0.00000019 approx.
So,as there are 8 digits after the decimal, K= 108. So, incidence is 19 per 108 in a week.
In week 3, no. of new cases is 14066 in same population size. So, incidence = 14066 / 316,971,485 = 0.000000443 = 0.00000044 approx. Again K = 108. So, incidence is 44 per 108.
So, your table will be :
Week No. of new cases US population K Incidence
1 5,952 316,971,485 108 19
3 14,066 316,971,485 108 44
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