Please answer all the questions thoroughly Unit : Anmallhysiology L. A friend of

Question

Please answer all the questions thoroughly

Unit : Anmallhysiology L. A friend of yours has decided to go vegan to curb their environmental footprint. eating nothing but salad greens and rice. After three weeks of this, they begin to c feeling tired and weak all the time. You also notice they have begun to the cause of this? Do you think your friend is obtaining all the nutrient essential nutrients might they be lacking and why are they impor nutrients be causing this illness? hey begin omplain o to lose muscle tone. What is If not, what could lacking these lose n s they need? tant? How 2. Explain the concept of countercurrent exchange and co does countercurrent ensure maximum extraction of mpare it to concurrent exchange. How maximum extraction of oxygen from water for fish? Why do fish need such efficient extraction of oxygen from water in the first place?

Explanation / Answer

1. The friend of yours had been a non vegetarian all this while, that means they were consuming enough amounts of proteins to keep their muscle tone as it is. He begins by consuming only green salads and rice. That means, he has completely shut out on his protein content and has now shifted to carbs being rice and green salads being vitamins and minerals. He is not getting any protein from any of these two sources, and that does not help him maintain any of his muscle tone, though it surely helps him to lose weight. He is definitely not getting all of his nutrients. Also, it is also not mentioned if he is consuming any kinds of dairy, so he isn't even getting the minimum requirement of protein that is required. For men, the minimum required amount of protein per day is 55gms, which he is not getting. Also, he is not getting vit B12. For vegans not consuming eggs or dairy, they should consume mushrooms or sea vegetables, which he isn't. Therefore, he is highly deficient on nutrients. Also, he isn't getting any calcium or vit D, thus the weakness.

2. Countercurrent flow is where the water passes through the gills in opposite direction to blood than the Normal. Flow. This allows the fishes to get oxygen at thrice rate than normal humans do. The concurrent flow is where both blood as well as water would flow in the same direction through the lamellae. Fish require efficient extraction of oxygen, because dissolved oxygen in water is lesser than dissolved oxygen in air. If in such a case the fishes are not able to extract oxygen properly, they will not be able to breathe properly.

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