Please answer each question into Microsoft Excel. Organize your work in Microsof
ID: 111867 • Letter: P
Question
Please answer each question into Microsoft Excel. Organize your work in Microsoft Excel. Type up the questions and then provide detailed answers with examples for this project. Provide references. The questions are below:
1. What are the major components of the waste stream?
2. Describe some concerns about waste incineration.
3. Why is ocean dumping a problem today? Provide examples.
4. How can biomass waste be converted to natural gas?
5. What are advantages and disadvantages of recycling wastes?
6. What are the major types of materials recycled from municipal waste, and how are they used?
7. What is e-waste? How is most of it disposed of, and what are some strategies for improving recycling rates?
Explanation / Answer
1. The major components of the waste stream can be divided into two categories i.e. stream made of materials (such as metals or plastics ) and streams made of certain products ( electronic waste or end-of-life vehicles).
2. The main concern about waste incineration is the human health concerns. This system produces a wide variety of pollutants which have negative effects to human health. New incinerators release toxic metals, dioxines and acid gases. Toxic ash and other residues are produced by waste incinerator systems.
3. Ocean dumping includes waste disposal such as the chemical and industrial wastes, trash, radioactive wastes, munitions, sludge, and contaminated dredged material. These waste materals hamper the human health and the marine environment from pollution. So this becomes a big problem today. For regulating the transportation and dumping materials into ocean water the 'Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA) is started.
4.The biomass waste can be converted to natural gases by the following methods
i. Thermochemical process called PyroCatalytic Hydrogenation (PCH) in which the wood chips are transformed into renewable natural gas.
ii. Gasification of biomass into fuels. This conversion is at 480 degree centrigrade.
5. The advantages of recycling wastes include
a. Reduced energy consumption
b.decreased pollution
c.Ecofriendly
d. slows the rate of resource depletion
e. fights global warming
f. decreases landfill waste
The disadvantages of recycling wastes are as follows
a.recycling is not always cost effective
b. high up front costs
c.needs more global buy-in
d.recycled products are often of lesser quality
e.recycling sites are not safe