Streptococcus strep Agalactiae 1. Main biological features a. Cell shape, arrang
ID: 147354 • Letter: S
Question
Streptococcus strep Agalactiae
1. Main biological features
a. Cell shape, arrangement, Gram stain, endospores, capsule, unusual features.
2. Clinical Manifestations
a. List the diseases that are produced by this microorganism.
3. Mechanism of Disease
a. List of how the microorganism induces disease: Toxin, proteolysis, pyogenic, immunological mechanism or multiple mechanisms.
4. Transmission
a. How the microorganism is transmitted and who is at risk of acquiring the infection.
5. Prevention
a. List the most common prevention methods
b. Is there a vaccine?
6. Treatment
a. Is antimicrobial intervention necessary?
b. Have resistant strains been detected?
c. List the common methods of treatment (you don’t need to list drug names).
d. Prognosis – Mortality associated with the disease
Explanation / Answer
1)
a) coccus
b)tend to form chains
c) gram positive
d) non endosporic
e)major virulence factor, current target for vaccine
f) have chromosomal islands
2)
a)best-known cause of post partum infection and the most common for neonatal sepsis
3)
pro-inflammatory responses, neutrophil recruitment, cellular proliferation, maturation and, finally, microbial clearance are induced by activation of intestinal immune activation by GBS lipoproteins, GAPDH, and nucleic acids. hyperinflammation is counter-regulated by a negative feedback loop of specific antibody release by B plasma cells and IL-10 secretion by both B-lymphocytes and phagocytes. In contrast, neutrophil recruitment and bacterial elimination are hampered by an uncontrolled increase of IL-10. While Th1 and Th17 cells promote infection control, activation of regulatory T cells prevents hyperinflammation and supports post-infectious healing.
4) can be transmitted sexually or through mother to baby
mother and infant are at risk of acquiring the disease