Please answer questions 3-7 with explanations. I DO NOT want 1-2 answered please
ID: 148933 • Letter: P
Question
Please answer questions 3-7 with explanations. I DO NOT want 1-2 answered please (30 points) Conclusions 1. (5 points) What are three attributes of mitochondria & chloroplast that suggest they were once free-living bacteria? What is this theory called? 2. (8 points) Compare& Contrast the structure of a generalized plant and animal cell. Highlight which features are common to all cells and which are specific to just plants or just animals. (3 points) Cells that line your intestines are known to possess a large number of membrane proteins that transport small molecules &ions across the plasma membrane. Which cell structure would you expect to be required for this function of the cells? Explain. (6 points) Label each cellular component with its role. 4. Component Role a. NucleUS b. Ribosomes 1. Warehouse 2. Perimeter fencing with secure gates C.Vacuoles 3. Food manufacturing facility d. Mitochondria e. Chloroplast f. Plasma Membrane 4. Protein Factory 5. Power Station 6. Administrative/Iinformation hub (4 points) Describe in your own words the structure of a chloroplast using these identifying terms: enzymes, photosynthesis, thylakoids 5. and grana 6. (2 points) Vacuoles vary in size and function. Most are storage centers, but some contain digestive enzymes and serve as recycling centers. Why are toxins such as nicotine, cocaine, and caffeine stored in vacuoles instead of cytosol? 7. (2 points) Predict what would happen to a cell exposed to: a. a drug that prevents ribosomes from functioning b. an enzyme that degrades the cell wallExplanation / Answer
Answer3: Some epithelial cells are modified into s speacilized cell ,Microfold cells M cells, have the unique ability to take up small molecules and ions from the lumen of the small intestine via endocytosis, or transcytosis. as these cells posses large number of membrane proteins required for transpotation.
Answer4:
Nucleus- Administrative/information hub
Ribosome-Protein factory
vacuoles- warehouse
mitochondria-Power station
chloroplast-Food manufacturing factory
Plasma membrane-Perimeter fencing with secure gates
Answer5 : we know that green leaves of plants help in the process of photosynthesis. The mesophyll cells of leaves contain the chlorophyll molecule which is main reaction centre for photosynthesis as it is oval shaped structure which is consist of double membrane. Now this double membrane is filled with a liquid fluid called as stroma. In the stroma are present the membranes which are stacked one over other to form a structure called as granum while one such structure is called as thylakoid. The grana are interconnected by various membrane structure called as stroma lamellae.Chloroplast have their own DNA and have ribosomes. Thylakoid consists of pigments which absorb the light energy to start photosynthesis. As we know that process of photosynthesis is completed in two stages 1.Light reaction 2. Dark reaction.the light reaction would start when the pigment molecule absorb light that is thylakoid is the site for light reaction and dark reaction takes place in stroma. These reactions also requires various enzymes as RuBp, PEPCO, carboxilases, reductases, plastoquinone ,plastocyanin etc. For electron transport chain in photosynthesis( needed for C3 C4 cycle).
Answer 6: Storing the toxins in vacuoles prevents the toxins from damaging the plant's own organelles and cells as toxins are degraded in the vacuoles due to low pH of the vacuole which allows degradative enzymes to act, preventing them from harming the cell. As vacuoles are more in number in plant cells so as herbivorous animals chew the plant the vacuoles break and toxins are released which is not possible if the toxins are stored in cytosol.
Answer7:if ribosomal functioning is restricted then there will be no signal for protein synthesis so as the gene expression is restricted the central dogma is prohibited which effect the function part of cell like metabolism which finally results in cell death.
b) when cell is exposed with cell wall digestive enzyme then it degrade the cell wall so the cell become sensitive to all variable factors like temperature, oxygen acidity-basicity etc. This condition is also known as protoplast which is used for introduction of foreign DNA in to cell in biotechnology.