Describe in detail the positive and negative aspects of having a characteristic
ID: 179001 • Letter: D
Question
Describe in detail the positive and negative aspects of having a characteristic "normal flora" associated with various parts of the human body. Which parts of the body usually have resident normal flora, and what kinds are usually found in each one? What is an opportunistic pathogen? List 4 major types of virulence factors associated with bacteria, and briefly describe how each one facilitates pathogenesis. How do pathogens generally differ from normal flora? Where do the genes for virulence factors usually come from? What are "pathogenicity islands"? Describe the various types of information that epidemiologists use to detect, interrupt and prevent epidemics. List the possible mechanisms of transmission and reservoirs of infection. What is herd immunity? How does it work? What evidence do we have for it? What measures are currently taken in the U.S. to maintain it for certain diseases? What is a vaccine? How are vaccines made?Explanation / Answer
Ans.1)
Positive aspects :
Harmful Effects :
Parts of body,usually have resident flora are:
Opportunistic pathogen: An infectious microorganism that is normally a commensal or does not harm its host but can cause disease when the host's resistance is low.Eg.Candida albicans ,a casual agent of opportunistic oral and genital infections in human,Straphylococcus aureus ,commensal on human skin.