Please explains each part to this question. How do I know if something is an Ami

Question

Please explains each part to this question. How do I know if something is an Amino Acid in the first part?

20. (8 pts) The mRNA sequence below contains nucleotides that encode the first 5 amino acids of the protein made by the Mtn gene in Drosophila: 5' GUGGAUGCUAAAAAAUCUUC...-3' wildtype mRNA what are the first five amino acids encoded by this mRNA (use codon table on last page)? Ph Lys T Ley You isolate a mutant Mtn gene and determine the base sequence of the mutant mRNA 5 GUGGAUGCUAAACAUCUUC...-3' mutant mRNA A sn Ile Phe What is the new amino acid sequence? met Leu s the mutation in the gene a transitio nsversl insertion, or deletion? s the mutation amissenc, nonsense or frameshift? Second base UCU UAU UGU Phe Tyr Cys UUC UCC UAC UGC Ser UUA UCA UAA Stop UGA Stop Leu UUG UCG UAG Stop UGG Trp G ccu ICAU His CUU CGU CUC CGA CAG CGG AUU ACU AAU AGU Asn Ser AGC AUC ile ACC AAC Thr AGA AUA ACA Lys AGG Arg AUG Met ACG AAG GUU GAU GAC GUA GUG GCG GAG

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

Part 1: mRNA 5' GUGG AUG CUA AAA AUC UUC 3'

(Start codon)

Protein Met - Leu -Lys- Ile- Phe

The protein chain starts with the Start codon, that is Methionine (Met, AUG) underlined above. The first 4 nucleotides (GUGG) are part of upstream sequence and does not encode for the protein.

Part 2: mRNA 5' GUGG AUG CUA AAC AUC UUC 3'

Protein Met- Leu- Asn- Ile- Phe

The third codon gets mutated from Lys to Asn due to a point mutation (AAA changes to AAC).

Part 3: It is a transverse point mutation (transversion) since the point mutation involves the replacement of a purine (A) with pyrimidine (C).

Part 4: A single nucleotide change in the codon changes Lys to Asn (AAA to AAC). So, this is a missense mutation.

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