Question
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There is a theory that an early ancestor of eukaryotic cells engulfed an oxygen using non-pho an event which allowed eukaryotic cells to have mitochondria today. This theory is osy 7. (BL1) prokaryotic cell, a. Endosymbiont theory b. Parasitic theory c. Opportunistic theory d. Evolutionary theory e. Mitochondrial theory 8. (BL1) Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells? a. The lysosome b. The mitochondria C. The golgi apparatus d. The peroxisome e. The centrosome 9, (BL3) In a plant cell, DNA may be found . a. b. c. d. e. only in the nucleus only in the nucleus and chloroplasts in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts in the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and peroxisomes in the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes, and cytoplasm 10. (BL3) Plasmodesmata in plant cells function as channels that connect cells together. There are similar structures in animals cells referred to as a. Desmosomes b. Tight junctions c. Extracellular matrices d. lon pores e. Gap junctions 11. (BL2) Tight junctions are important for intestinal integrity in humans. Zonulin is a recently discovered protein that might loosen these structures. What food causes zonulin to be produced in the intestine? a. Meat b. Wheat c. Dairy d. Vegetables e. Fruit 12. (BL3) If zonulin is produced in the intestines, partially digested proteins might move into the blood of that person, where they will interact with the immune system. Which of the following might result from this situation? The person's immune system will react to these proteins as foreign invaders and produce antibodies. The person's immune system will react to these proteins as foreign invaders and upregulate inflammation proteins throughout the body. The person's immune system will be turned on and produce erratic or inconsistent symptoms of unwellness; possibly fever, headache, fatigue, or joint pain Any of these scenarios is plausible None of these scenarios is plausible. a. b. c. d. e.
Explanation / Answer
1) Endosymbiont theory - Also called as symbiogenesis, the theory states that the cell organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts originated in an eukaryotic cell by engulfing free living bacteria. There are many evidences to support this theory such as the way mitochondria divides and the similarity of the proteins present.
2) Mitochondria - Most of the ATP is synthesized through electron transport chain that takes in the mitochondria after TCA cycle. Glycolysis also produces some ATP molecules that takes place in the cytosol. The products of glycolysis are transported into mitochondria, where more energy is extracted.