Reminder: All post labs need to be 1- typed (not handwritten), 2- original (not
ID: 252442 • Letter: R
Question
Reminder: All post labs need to be 1- typed (not handwritten), 2- original (not copied from a classmate), 3- answered using complete statements and 4- turned in at the beginning of the lab Post-lab questions PCR and gel electrophoresis Lab Name: Date: Group: T W R 1- Why is PCR typically performed with DNA obtained from 2- What are the necessary reagents to perform PCR? Explain 3- What are STRs? Why are these 4- Explain what the temperature settings in the thermal cycler a crime scene? Explain. 5 pts the reason why each of these are needed. 15 pts type of analysis? 5 pts sequences useful for this are not constant but go from 95 to 52 and then to 72 Indicate what is achieved at each of these temperatures using the correct terminology. 20 pts 5- What explains the movement of DNA through an agarose gel? ts 6- DNA profiles in this experiment require first PCR and then gel electrophoresis. What is the function of each? 5 pts 7- How is an allele ladder used in this experiment? 5 pts 8- How was a DNA profile achieved in this lab? Insert a labeled photograph of your group's gel. Insert a table that summarizes and explains the results (Allele ladder, CS genotype, Suspect 1-4 genotypes) 30pts 10- Does the Crime Scene DNA Sample have a genotype that matches any of the suspects? If so, which one matches? Which suspects were excluded? 5 pts 11- Would the DNA evidence as obtained in this lab be enough proof to incriminate a suspect? Why or why not? 5 ptsExplanation / Answer
dNTPS: it provides dATP,dGTP, dCTP and dTTP in synthesis of new DNA sequences.
Tag DNA polymerase: is an enzyme which helps to synthesis of new sequences. It adds each correct dNTPS to the strand
Primer: primer are short (20-25 bp) complementary sequences which binds to the target sequence at specific annealing temperature, from this primer new DNA strand is synthesized
Template DNA: is an extracted genetic material. The primer is binds to its specific location (sequence of interest) and tag DNA polymerase synthesis new DNA strand.
Water: D/W is added to the reaction for equallibrium of reaction mixture.
PCR buffer: is used to enhance PCR reaction
3. STRs are short tandem repeats present in the genome. It is a type of microsatellite which is 30 bp long and arranged one after another in a tandem manner. Number of repeat are varies from one to another individuals. Hence STRs are widely used in forensic analysis.
4. 95?C is used for denaturation of DNA which makes DNA single stranded
52 ?C- 62 ?C temperature range is used for annealing of primer. Here a short primer is anneals with the DNA sequences. annealing temperature is different for different primers.
72 ?C temperature is an extension phase in which new DNA strand is synthesized with the help of tag DNA polymerase and dNTPS
(as per the chegg policy I can answer only 4 questions)