Please answer question 4 apter 21: Epigenetics Folate is a source of S-adenosyl
ID: 252786 • Letter: P
Question
Please answer question 4
apter 21: Epigenetics Folate is a source of S-adenosyl Low levels of maternal folate levels during growth of the placenta and uterus, and intrauterine growth retardation. methionine (SAM), which is used to supply DNA methyltransferases with methyl groups. pregnancy are associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery, poor 1. Where do pregnant women normally get folate? 2. identify the specific changes that are caused by DNA methyltransferases 3. Explai n the series of events that would occur with low levels of folate that would influence fetal growth.Explanation / Answer
4. Due to low levels of folate there will be a corresponding reduction in SAM and thus a reduced supply of methy groups to DNA methy transferases. DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that can affect gene expression. It can change the function of a DNA segment with out changing its sequence. Mostly methylation at promoter region of genes will repress the gene function. It is an essential modification associated with a number of key developmental processes like X chromosome inactivation, Genomic imprinting etc.
During the implantation of the embryo with CpG islands in the genome are protected from methylation. After implantation, there are stage and tissue specific methylation for the proper development of each individual cell type which last for a very long time. Changes in the DNA methylation patterns in foetus has been found to have long term effects into adult hood, manifesting in the form of depression, anxiety, stress, metal disorders etc. It also will have a negative impact on the person's health and immune system.