Answer the following Molecular Celular questions using as reference if liked Bio
ID: 273545 • Letter: A
Question
Answer the following Molecular Celular questions using as reference if liked Biology of the Cell
1. Mention the most important proteins that are involved in the translation of cellular signals. Specify which ones are involved in the reception of the message, its translation, its amplification and the activation chains that carry out these messages within the cell. Specific examples of how these proteins work and the messages they receive, transmit and match.
2. It is said that depressed people have low levels of serotonin in their brain. According to what was learned in the class, how do you understand this neurotransmitter at the molecular level? Explain examples of other functions controlled by neurotransmitters in an organism.
3. Name the types of transport of proteins that exist in the cell and an example of a transported protein for each of these types of transport. Explain where the protein originates, where it goes and what is its function? What mechanisms ensure that this is not degraded through this route?
Explanation / Answer
Mechanisms enabling one cell to influence the behavior of another almost certainly existed in the world of unicellular organisms long before multicellular organisms appeared on Earth. Evidence comes from studies of present-day unicellular eucaryotes such as yeasts. Although these cells normally lead independent lives, they can communicate and influence one another's behavior in preparation for sexual mating. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae,for example, when a haploid individual is ready to mate, it secretes a peptide mating factor that signals cells of the opposite mating type to stop proliferating and prepare to mate (Figure 15-2). The subsequent fusion of two haploid cells of opposite mating types produces a diploid cell, which can then undergo meiosis and sporulate, generating haploid cells with new assortments of genes.