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Consider the equation below. (If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.) f(x) = x^

ID: 2874443 • Letter: C

Question

Consider the equation below. (If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.) f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 - 9x + 5 (a) Find the interval on which f is increasing. (Enter your answer using interval notation.) Find the interval on which f is decreasing. (Enter your answer using interval notation.) (b) Find the local minimum and maximum values of f. local minimum value local maximum value (c) Find the inflection point. (x, y) = () Find the interval on which f is concave up. (Enter your answer using interval notation.) Find the interval on which f is concave down. (Enter your answer using interval notation.)

Explanation / Answer

f(x) = x3 - 3x2 - 9x + 5

f '(x) = 3x3-1 - 3(2)x2-1 - 9(1) + 0

==> f '(x) = 3x2 - 6x - 9

==> f '(x) = 3(x2 - 2x - 3) = 3(x + 1)(x - 3)

function is increasing ==> f '(x) > 0

==> 3(x + 1)(x - 3) > 0

==> (x + 1)(x - 3) > 0

==>x belongs to (- , -1) U (3 , )

function is increasing in the interval (- , -1) U (3 , )

function is decreasing ==> f '(x) < 0

==> 3(x + 1)(x - 3) < 0

==> (x + 1)(x - 3) < 0

==> x belongs to (-1 , 3)

==> function is decreasing in the interval (-1 , 3)

critical points ==> f '(x) = 0

==> 3(x + 1)(x - 3) = 0

==> x = -1 , 3

f '(x) = 3x2 - 6x - 9

f ''(x) = 3(2)x2-1 - 6(1) - 0

==> f ''(x) = 6x - 6

f ''(-1) = 6(-1) - 6 = -12 < 0

==> local maximum at x = -1

value = f(-1) = (-1)3 - 3(-1)2 - 9(-1) + 5 = 10

local maximum value = 10

f ''(3) = 6(3) - 6 = 12 > 0

==> local minimum at x = 3

value = f(3) = 33 - 3(3)2 - 9(3) + 5 = -22

local minimum value = -22

inflection point ==> f ''(x) = 0

==> 6x - 6 = 0

==> x = 1

f(1) = 13 - 3(1)2 - 9(1) + 5 = -6

Inflection point at (1 , -6)

concave up ==> f ''(x) > 0

==> 6x - 6 > 0

==> x > 1

==> x belongs to (1 , )

concave up in the interval (1 , )

concave down ==> f ''(x) < 0

==> 6x - 6 < 0

==> x < 1

Interval is (- , 1)

concave down in the interval (- , 1)