Preliminary data analyses indicate that you can reasonably consider the assumpti
ID: 2955419 • Letter: P
Question
Preliminary data analyses indicate that you can reasonably consider the assumptions for using pooled t-procedures satisfied in Exercises 10.33-10.3S. For each exercise, perform the required hypothesis test by using either the critical-value approach or the P-value approach. Sex and Direction. In the paper "The Relation of Sex and Sense of Direction to Spatial Orientation in an Unfamiliar Environment" (Journal of Environmental Psychology, Vol. 20, pp. 17-28), Shell et al. published the results of examining the sense of direction of 30 male and 30 female students. After being taken to an unfamiliar wooded park, the students were given some spatial orientation tests, including pointing to south, which tested their absolute frame of reference. The students pointed by moving a pointer attached to a 360 degree protractor. Following are the absolute pointing errors, in degrees, of the participants. At the 1% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that, on average, males have a better sense of direction and, in particular, a better frame of reference than females? (Note: X1 = 37.6, s1 = 38.5, X2 = 55.8, and S2 = 48.3.) Sex and Direction. Refer to Exercise 10.34 and obtain a 98% confidence interval for the difference between the mean absolute pointing errors for males and females.