Can someone please help me answer the following questions. Please do not answer
ID: 3512567 • Letter: C
Question
Can someone please help me answer the following questions. Please do not answer the following questions unless you can answer them all. Thank you.
a) What does the elevated levels of these serum enzymes represent: AST (Aspartate aminotransferase) CPK-MB (Creatine phosphokinase, containing M and B subunits), LDH-1 (Lactate dehydrogenase), ALT (Alanine transferase), and positive troponin?
b) In Cardiovascular system you have noticed that elevated serum enzymes' levels are found not only in myocardial infarction, but in liver disorders, etc. The question presents itself: "How can the cause be determined?"
Explanation / Answer
AST, or aspartate aminotransferase, is 1 of the 2 "liver enzymes." It is also known as serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, or SGOT. AST is a protein made by liver cells. When liver cells are damaged, AST leaks out into the bloodstream andthe level of AST in the blood becomes higher than normal.
Creatine phosphokinase test. Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) is an enzyme in thebody. It is found mainly in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle. This article discusses the test to measure the amount of CPK in the blood.
Lactate dehydrogenase (also called lactic acid dehydrogenase, or LDH) is anenzyme found in almost all body tissues. ... Although LDH is abundant in tissue cells, blood levels of the enzyme are normally low. However, when tissues are damaged by injury or disease, they release more LDH into the bloodstream.
nflamed or injured liver cells leak higher than normal amounts of certain chemicals, including liver enzymes, into the bloodstream, which can result in elevated liverenzymes on blood tests. The specific elevated liver enzymes most commonly found are: Alanine transaminase (ALT).
c troponins T and I are the preferred markers for myocardial injury as they have the highest sensitivities and specificities for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.