Information system application development can be compared with designing and bu
ID: 3571151 • Letter: I
Question
Information system application development can be compared with designing and building a machine or a building or even a work of art. When there are few rules for how to build, the developer of systems is an innovator; when the rules are established, the developer is an engineer. Assuming the above concepts holds, how does this affect the type of people who will be challenged by information systems? If tailoring of packages and maintenance of existing applications are the dominant activities, how does this affect the motivation of information system analysts and programmers?
Explanation / Answer
Information systems have become the backbone of most organizations. Information is an increment in knowledge, it contributesto the general frameworkof concepts and the facts that we know. It relies on the context and the recipient's general knowledge for its significance. Data are only the raw facts, the material for obtaining the information. Information systems use data stored in the computer databases to provide needed information. A database is the organized collection of the interrelated data reflecting the activities of the firm. In almost every sector - education , finance, government, health care, manufacturing and large scale or small scale businesses, information systems play a very dominant role. when we make electronic payment, we interact with the bank's information system rather than with the personnel of the bank. In most organisations, huge volumes of the data accumulate i.e. data of the products, data of the customers, data of the employees, data of the delivery of products. These dara play very important role in the organizations and must be stored, managed and processed which is where information systems come into existance. So the information is the knowledge or beliefs or the objects that represent the knowledge or beliefs.
Most of the data captured by information systems relates to the operations of the organization itself, serving to produce internal information. But in an increasingly competitive marketplace, a firm needs to access more and more external information. Therefore, it is important to note that decision makers need both the internal information about their organization and the external information about its environment.
A firm can succeed only by adapting itself to the demands of its external environment. The environment is represented by a number of groups that affect the company's ability to achieve its objectives or that is affected by it. Such groups are called the stakeholders of a firm, which includes both internal and external stakeholders.
components of the information system:-
Hardware
Software
Databases
Human resources
Procedures
Organizations employ various types of the information system. These are :-
Transaction processing system
Management reporting systems
Decision support systems
Executive information systems
Professional support systems
Office information systems
The impact of the information system on the functions is in its management. With a good information system, the managemant of the marketing , finance, production, personnel becomes more efficient, the tracking and monitoring the functional targets becomes easy. The managers are informed about the progress, achievements and the shortfalls in the activities and the targets.The manager is kept alert by providing the certain information indicating the trends in the various aspects of business. This helps in the forcasting and the long term planning. A disciplined information system creates a structured database and the knowledge base for all the people in the organization.
This information system creates another impact in the system which relates to the understanding of the business. It begins with the data and its attributes . It calls for the systemization of the business operations for an effective system design. It improves the administration of the business by bringing the discipline in its operations.