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Imagine that you have been studying the population biology of ground squirrels o

ID: 42070 • Letter: I

Question

Imagine that you have been studying the population biology of ground squirrels on the UCSC campus for a number of years and have obtained the following information. A sample of 75 females in 2014 had the age structure shown in column 2 below. Additional longer-term studies of cohort survival and reproduction produced the information on age-specific survival probability [l(x)] and reproduction [b(x)] shown in columns 3 and 4 below.

Age   Number of females   l(x)       Number of births per female [b(x)]

0   25           1.0       0

1   20           0.5       0

2   15           0.4       2

3   10           0.3       2

4   5           0.1       1

5   0

Using the data above, project the age structure and size of the population from 2014 to 2015.

Was the population at a stable age distribution in 2014? Why or why not?

Explanation / Answer

AGE

NO OF FEMALES

Lx

bx

lxbx

0

25

1

0

0

1

20

0.5

0

0

2

15

0.4

2

0.8

3

10

0.3

2

0.6

4

5

0.1

1

0.1

Ro=?lxbx

Ro=1.5

Ro>1 hence the population is growing

When age specific survival and fecundity are constant, the population grows at a fixed rate. The age structure does not change from one year to the next. It has a stable age distribution

AGE

NO OF FEMALES

Lx

bx

lxbx

0

25

1

0

0

1

20

0.5

0

0

2

15

0.4

2

0.8

3

10

0.3

2

0.6

4

5

0.1

1

0.1