Please Answer each of the following question one by one. and i will give you all
ID: 638806 • Letter: P
Question
Please Answer each of the following question one by one. and i will give you all the points possible.
Chapter 2
10) Define frequency spectrum and badwith
11) Define Electrical noise
12)give a brief description of the following forms of electrical noise: man-made, thermal, correlated, and impulse.
16) briefly describe the significance of the Shannon limit for information capacity
17) What is meant by the term M-ary encoding?
Chapter 5
1) Contrast the advantages and disadvantages of digital transmission.
2) list and briefly describe the four most common methods of pulse transmission
5) what is the purpose of a sample-and-hold circuit?
8) Define and state the causes of foldover distortion. Give an alternate name for it.
Chapter 6
3) Describe a T1 carrier system
5)what is frame synchronization? How is it achieved in a PCM-TDM system?
Chapter 13
2) what is meant by the term overhead?
5) what is the purpose of the figure shift and letter shift in the Baudot code?
7) what is a bar code, and when is it commonly used?
12) How are logic 0s and 1s indicated with the POSTNET bar code?
13) Describe what is meant by error control.
19) what is meant by the terms odd parity, even parity, marking parity and spacing parity?
Explanation / Answer
Chapter 6
3.
The T-carrier system, introduced by the Bell System in the U.S. in the 1960s, was the first successful system that supported digitized voice transmission. The original transmission rate (1.544 Mbps) in the T1 line is in common use today in Internet service provider (ISP) connections to the Internet. Another level, the T3 line, providing 44.736 Mbps, is also commonly used by Internet service providers.
The T-carrier system is entirely digital, using pulse code modulation (PCM) and time-division multiplexing (TDM). The system uses four wires and provides duplex capability (two wires for receiving and two for sending at the same time). The T1 digital stream consists of 24 64-Kbps channels that are multiplexed. (The standardized 64 Kbps channel is based on thebandwidth required for a voice conversation.) The four wires were originally a pair of twisted pair copper wires, but can now also include coaxial cable,optical fiber, digital microwave, and other media. A number of variations on the number and use of channels are possible.
A T1 line in which each channel serves a different application is known asintegrated T1 or channelized T1.
5. In telecommunication, frame synchronization or framing is the process by which, while receiving a stream of framed data, incoming frame alignment signals (i.e., a distinctive bitsequences or syncwords) are identified (that is, distinguished from data bits), permitting the data bits within the frame to be extracted for decoding or retransmission.
30 Channel PCM/TDM System: