Academic Integrity: tutoring, explanations, and feedback — we don’t complete graded work or submit on a student’s behalf.

Mastering Chemistry: 9. Ch 16a HW Google Chrome https:// masteringchemistry.com

ID: 901916 • Letter: M

Question

Mastering Chemistry: 9. Ch 16a HW Google Chrome https:// masteringchemistry.com 55537070 Session General Chemistry II 9. Ch 16a HW Problem 16.59 9.2 M propionic acid (C2H5COOH Problem 16.59 Express your answer using two decimal places. Calculate the pH of each of the following solutions (Ka and Kb values are given in Appendix D in the textbook). pH Submit My Answers Give Up Part B 0.110 Mhydrogen chromate ion (HCro Express your answer using two decimal places. pH Submit My Answers Give Up Part C 0.119 M pyridine (C5H5N). Express your answer using two decimal places. pH M Help Close previous l 49 of 51 l next EL 5 PM 10/26/2015

Explanation / Answer

part a.

Propionic acid is a weak carboxylic acid , hence Ostwald's dilution law is applicable for its ionic dissociation (ionization) yielding H+ ion

C2H5COOH <----------------> C2H5COO-   + H+    ; Ka = 1.3 x 10-5     

According to Ostwald's Dilution Law Ka = c x (alpha)2   [ applicable for weak acids / bases only ]

where , c is concentration of acid in moles / litre = Molar concentration & '' alpha '' represents degree of dissociation of the acid.

therefore, alpha = SQRT { Ka / c ]

Substituting given values as c = 9.2 x 10-2   & Ka = 1.3 x 10-5 we can find out the value of alpha,

alpha = SQRT { 1.3 x 10-5  / 9.2 x 10-2   ] = SQRT { 0.1413 x 10-3   } = 0.01

So since alpha represents number of moles of acid dissociated out of its one mole giving out alpha moles of H+ ion , therefore the concentratioon of H+  giveen out by dissociation of 9.2 x 10-2 M propionic acid = 9.2 x 10-2  x 0.01M

Apply this concentration of H+ to get pH value in relation pH = - log [ H+ ]

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- = -log (9.2 x 10-2   x 0.01 )   

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------= 3.0362 or, = 3.04

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

part b.

Similarly calculate the pH value of HCrO4- ion as this again gets weakly dissociated to give H+ with

Ka= 3.2 x 10-7 using Ostwald's dilution law ie.

alpha = SQRT [ c / Ka ] = SQRT{ 0.110 / 3.2 x 10-7  } =    5.86 x 10-5  

& hence pH = -log ( 0.11 x 5.86 x 10-5 ) = 5.19

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * part c.

Same way find OH-  concentration in case of pyridine which acts as a weak base with Kb = 1.7 x 10-9

using Ostwalds dilution law relation

alpha = SQRT { Kb / c }

and then calculate p(OH ) in this case p(OH) = -log (OH- )

Finally use the relation : pH + p(OH ) = 14 , to get pH value of the solution.

The answer is pH = 9.15

* Glad to help , but please post this ( ie Q.at part c ) separately for detailed calculations.

888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888