Individuals with the HIV-induced immunodeficiency disease AIDS have a progressiv
ID: 175419 • Letter: I
Question
Individuals with the HIV-induced immunodeficiency disease AIDS have a progressive loss in the number of CD4 T cells in their bodies. These patients have a greatly increased rate of life-threatening disease caused by the inability of their immune system to control infections of the intracellular bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Mtb infects macrophages and then replicates in the cell’s phagosomes. The most important immune mechanism lacking in these patients that leads to their increased susceptibility to Mtb is a defect in which of the following?
A. The production of TNF-alpha by the infected macrophages
B. The activation of macrophages by TH1 effector cells
C. The recruitment of neutrophils to the site of infection
D. CD4 T cell help for cytotoxic effector CD8 T cells
E. The production of opsonizing antibodies that requires TFH cell help for B cells
Explanation / Answer
individuals with the HIV-induced immunodeficiency disease AIDS have a progressive loss in the number of CD4 T cells in their bodies. These patients have a greatly increased rate of life-threatening disease caused by the inability of their immune system to control infections of the intracellular bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Mtb infects macrophages and then replicates in the cell’s phagosomes. The most important immune mechanism lacking in these patients that leads to their increased susceptibility to Mtb is a defect in which of the following?
A) The production of TNF-alpha by the infected macrophages-----------answer
B) The activation of macrophages by the TH1 effector cells
C) The recruitment of neutrophils to the site of infection
D) CD4 T cell help for cytotoxic effector CD8 T cells
E) The production of opsonizing antibodies that requires TFH cell help for B cells
Defensive invulnerability to M. tuberculosis (Mtb) disease is managed by T cells, macrophages and cytokines including IFN, IL-12 and TNF , IFN got from T and NK cells has been appeared to be basic, as mice with a disturbance of the IFN flagging can't limit the development of M. tuberculosis and capitulate to the contamination,. A basic part for TNF in mycobacterial barrier was construed from balance and quality erasure tries in mice , TNF killing treatments for rheumatoid joint pain and Crohn's ailment ended up increasing the danger of creating tuberculosis (TB) and other sharp infections,TNF delivered by macrophages, and an assortment of different cells, is a noteworthy controller of aggravation and leukocyte trafficking