In the elastic rebound theory, earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of p
ID: 120503 • Letter: I
Question
In the elastic rebound theory, earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of progressively stored __________ in rocks.
seismic waves
stress
strain
tectonism
ductile behavior
1 points
QUESTION 2
Which of the following correctly lists the order in which seismic waves arrive at a seismograph station?
P waves surface waves S waves
P waves S waves surface waves
S waves P waves surface waves
surface waves P waves S waves
1 points
QUESTION 3
Which of the following statements about tsunamis is false?
An early warning system for tsunamis has been developed for the Pacific region.
Tsunamis are produced by tidal forces, which is why they are also called tidal waves.
Tsunamis can reach heights in excess of 20 meters when they reach the shore.
Tsunamis travel slower than P and S waves.
1 points
QUESTION 4
What was the approximate magnitude of the 1994 Northridge earthquake in Los Angeles?
6
7
8
9
1 points
QUESTION 5
What does the elastic rebound theory describe?
the build-up and release of stress during an earthquake
the fluctuations in groundwater prior to an earthquake
the formation of mountain ranges by successive earthquakes
the uplift of the crust in response to erosion
1 points
QUESTION 6
Which one of the following is true regarding tsunamis?
They occur in the open ocean, wavelengths are many miles or kilometers and wave heights are only a few feet
They are started by fault-induced, horizontal shifts in the seafloor that suddenly propel great masses of water in opposite directions
Their wave heights decrease and wavelengths increase as they move into shallower water
They travel as deep-water waves at speeds greater than surface seismic waves but slower than S waves
1 points
QUESTION 7
If an earthquake occurred in Seattle, Washington, how long would it take for the first seismic waves to arrive at a seismograph station in Miami, Florida, approximately 5000 kilometers away?
8 hours
8 days
8 seconds
The distance is too much; the eartquake would not be recorded by seismometers.
8 minutes
1 points
QUESTION 8
Approximately how many magnitude 7 earthquakes occur each year?
1
10
100
1,000
1 points
QUESTION 9
Which of the following terms is NOT described correctly?
A seismic wave is the way earthquake energy is transmitted through the Earth
A seismogram is a visual record of seismic waves and their amplitudes
A seismograph is an instrument that measures the magnitude of an earthquake
A seismometer is the scale used for measuring seismic waves
1 points
QUESTION 10
If the measured amplitude of vibration of a rock is 1 cm for a magnitude 4 earthquake then the rocks will move ______ centimeters during a magnitude 5 earthquake.
2
4
8
10
20
1 points
QUESTION 11
If, during an earthquake, a hanging wall slides upward relative to a footwall, the fault is termed ________.
normal
reverse
diagonal
strike-slip
thrust
1 points
QUESTION 12
On a typical seismogram, _____ will show the highest amplitudes
P waves
S waves
Surface waves
Body waves
1 points
QUESTION 13
Which of the following statements about earthquakes is true?
Earthquakes can be caused by normal, reverse, and strike-slip faulting.
Most earthquakes occur in intraplate settings.
S waves travel faster than both P waves and surface waves.
The time and location of most major earthquakes can be predicted several days in advance.
1 points
QUESTION 14
According to the moment magnitude scale (Mw)—a magnitude 8 earthquake would be 1,000 times greater than a magnitude ____________ earthquake.
9
7
5
4
1 points
QUESTION 15
The _____ is the point of origination for an earthquake
Fault point
Seismic centroid
Focus
Epizone
1 points
QUESTION 16
Earthquakes measuring 5 and 7 on the magnitude scale differ in ground motion displacement by _____
10 times
2 times
1000 times
100 times
1 points
QUESTION 17
Which set(s) of waves travels through the Earth's interior?
set A
sets A, B, and C
sets A and B
set B
1 points
QUESTION 18
Which one of the following statements concerning foci and epicenters is correct?
The focus is the faulted point on the surface directly above the epicenter
The earthquake starts at the focus and the rupture extends down to the epicenter
The fault first cracks at the epicenter and breaks through to the surface at the focus
The epicenter is at the surface directly above the focus where the earthquake initiates
1 points
QUESTION 19
If, during an earthquake, a footwall slides upward relative to a hanging wall, the fault is termed _______.
normal
reverse
diagonal
strike-slip
thrust
1 points
QUESTION 20
Which set(s) of waves is/are most likely surface waves?
set C
set A
Sets A, B, and C are all surface waves
set B
1 points
QUESTION 21
Which of the following statements is most accurate?
Both seismic hazards and seismic risks can be reduced.
Seismic risks can be reduced, but seismic hazards cannot.
Seismic hazards can be reduced, but seismic risks cannot.
Neither seismic hazards nor seismic risks can be reduced.
1 points
QUESTION 22
Approximately how much more energy is released in a 6.5 magnitude earthquake than in one with magnitude 5.5?
3000 times
30 times
300 times
3 times
1 points
QUESTION 23
_____ have the highest velocities
Surface waves
Refracted S waves
Secondary waves
Primary waves
1 points
QUESTION 24
The average time between large earthquake events along a fault is known as the ______ interval.
seismic
hazard
fault slip
recurrence
1 points
QUESTION 25
Which of the following countries has the least risk of earthquakes?
Australia
China
Japan
United States
Mexico
1 points
QUESTION 26
For each item below, match the location with its description.
North American Cordillera
Alps
Andes
Appalachian Mountains
Himalayas
site of recent continental collision and site of future continental collision if the Mediterranean closes
very young oceanic crust subducting under continental crust
site of current continental collision
site of ancient continental collision
oceanic crust subducting under continental crust
1 points
QUESTION 27
The formation of a good soil takes __________.
a few years
a few hundreds of years
a few thousands of years
a few hundreds of thousands of years
1 points
QUESTION 28
Which of the following minerals present in granite is not affected by weathering?
feldspar
quartz
biotite
magnetite
1 points
QUESTION 29
The construction of the first transcontinental railroad ended the era of the great __________.
western migration
Rocky Mountain mining towns
wagon trails
a. and b.
b. and c.
1 points
QUESTION 30
Half Dome in Yosemite National Park, California, and Stone Mountain in Georgia, are shaped mainly by what weathering process?
Leaching
Oxidation
Exfoliation
Erosion
seismic waves
stress
strain
tectonism
ductile behavior
Explanation / Answer
Q2. Primary waves(P) travels faster than S waves , S waves are faster than surface waves hence P waves reaches the recording station first Hence answer is
P WAVE-S WAVE-Surface waves